What causes the occurrence of colorectal cancer?

1. Genetic factors: Data show that in about 20% of colorectal cancer patients, genetic factors may play a role. The probability of colon cancer in the normal population is only 1/50, but if the family has a genetic history of colon cancer, the chance of developing colon cancer will increase to 1/15. And the closer the family relationship, the higher the probability of cancer.

2. Occupational factors: It is generally believed that bowel cancer is not an occupational disease, but occupational factors are inherently related to the incidence of bowel cancer. In patients with bowel cancer, workers who produce asbestos and insulating materials are more common, and animal experiments have also confirmed this. Ingested asbestos fibers can penetrate the intestinal mucosa. In addition, in industries such as cotton yarn spinning, leather manufacturing, and metal industry, the incidence and mortality of bowel cancer are also higher than other industries.

3. Dietary factors: Dietary factors are more important factors in the onset of tumors.

4. Physical activity: In addition to occupational factors, bowel cancer is also closely related to physical activity. Reduced physical activity can promote the appearance and deterioration of bowel cancer.

5. Other factors: For example, poor cooking methods will increase carcinogens in food, especially frying and grilling will decompose more carcinogens in high temperature environments. Especially the meat in barbecue, such as lamb skewers, chicken wings, etc.

Who is prone to colorectal cancer?

1. People who like to eat high-protein foods.

2. People over forty years old.

3. People with long-term constipation and blood in the stool.

4. People with related chronic diseases.

5. People with family genetic history. For example, people with a history of adenomatous polyposis and hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer in the family have a risk of colorectal cancer that is 2-4 times higher than that of ordinary people;

6. People who are depressed for a long time. Long-term mental depression can cause the conversion of mental illness to physical illness. At the same time, stress and depression are not conducive to physical recovery, and the accumulation of time will form a burden on the body.

7. People who stay up late for a long time. Staying up late for a long time not only causes fatigue and physical weakness, but also may induce a variety of diseases. In the intestinal tract, due to slowed metabolism and decreased body functions, the body's toxins accumulate and cause cancer.

What foods can eat to prevent colorectal cancer?

1. Bean sprouts; the chlorophyll in bean sprouts can prevent and treat colorectal cancer, especially rectal cancer.

2. Gracilaria: This product contains asparagine, aspartic acid and a variety of steroids, which have certain effects on fatigue, edema, and dysuria.

3. Cabbage: Cabbage has the functions of replenishing bone marrow, strengthening joints, strengthening bones, organs and clearing heat and pain.

4. Carrot; has the effects of invigorating the stomach and spleen, promoting body fluid and replenishing qi and invigorating the middle. The carotene contained is an anti-cancer nutrient.

5. Lentils; Lentils have the functions of invigorating the spleen, dehumidifying, relieving heat and detoxification. This product can be used for gastrointestinal tumors with weak spleen and dampness and internal resistance. It can stimulate lymphocytes in the body to transform into tumor-killing cells, and can stimulate the human immune system to improve digestion Absorption function.

What are the hazards of colorectal cancer?

1. Right colon cancer: When the patient suffers from colorectal cancer, it is easy to cause the patient to develop right colon cancer, which is a relatively common and serious hazard. In addition, patients with colorectal cancer have a large right colon intestine cavity, where the stool is thinner, the colon is rich in blood and lymph, and has strong absorption capacity. Most of the cancers are soft cancers, which are easy to ulcerate, necrosis and cause bleeding and infection. Therefore, colon cancer sufferers The clinical manifestations are mainly symptoms of poisoning. However, intestinal obstruction may also appear when the condition of colon cancer worsens.

2. Tumor ulceration: Patients with colorectal cancer may also have symptoms of tumor ulceration. This is a serious injury of colorectal cancer, which can cause the patient to have systemic symptoms. It can often lead to anemia, low-grade fever, fatigue, weight loss, edema and other manifestations in patients with colon cancer.

3. Abdominal mass: If the patient has colorectal cancer, the patient may have symptoms of a mass in the abdomen.

Can colorectal polyps cause colorectal cancer? Why?

Colorectal polyps may cause colorectal cancer. But whether it is a single or multiple adenomatous polyps, they cannot become colorectal cancer in one step. Its evolution process is micro-adenoma→early adenoma→medium adenoma→late adenoma→colorectal cancer, general gland The larger the tumor, the more irregular the shape, the higher the content of villi, the heavier the epithelial dysplasia, and the greater the chance of cancer. The time for multiple adenomatous polyps to transform into colorectal cancer is generally shorter, which is closely related to factors such as genetics. For single adenomatous polyps to transform into colorectal cancer, we use three watersheds, 5 years, 10 years, and 20 years to develop into cancer. The odds are 3%, 8%, and 24%.

What symptoms can help us self-check colorectal cancer?

1. Bleeding and pain during defecation.

2. Loss of appetite and anemia. Colorectal cancer may cause tumors to adhere to the intestinal wall of the large intestine, thereby reducing the digestive function of the intestine, blocking the large intestine, and affecting the normal functioning of the large intestine. If it is not treated in time, colorectal cancer will continue to develop, which may be accompanied by some anemia, muscle weakness, loss of appetite and other phenomena.

3. The habit of defecation has changed.

4. Frequent lower abdominal pain. Frequent lower abdomen pain is also a symptom of colorectal cancer. You can judge it in conjunction with other symptoms.

5. Weight loss. The occurrence of colorectal cancer will consume the body's physical strength, causing dizziness and weakness. Of course the weight loss followed.

How to screen for colorectal cancer?

1. Early symptoms include four points: 1. Changes in bowel habits: such as diarrhea, constipation, anal swelling, incomplete defecation. 2. Blood in the stool: This is the most obvious symptom in the early stage, but many people will be confused with hemorrhoids. If it is blood in the stool caused by colorectal cancer, the color is dark red, bright red, and pus and blood in the stool. 3. Deformation of stool shape: The normal shape of stool is cylindrical. If the stool becomes thin and flat, and sometimes blood stains are attached to the stool, there may be a tumor in the intestine. 4. Precancerous lesions: The precancerous lesions of colorectal cancer are relatively clear, mainly familial adenomatous polyposis, adenoma and ulcerative colitis. Once they occur, they should be treated as soon as possible to reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer. If you want to detect colorectal cancer as soon as possible, you can first judge from the early symptoms.

2. Digital rectal examination; the most convenient and quickest method for colorectal cancer screening is digital rectal examination. Most rectal cancers can be detected by digital rectal examination. The doctor can determine the size, location, shape, and depth of invasion of the tumor through a digital rectal examination.

3. Fecal occult blood detection; this is the most primitive screening method for colorectal cancer, fast and simple. It is recommended to perform three consecutive fecal occult blood examinations to improve the reliability of the results.

4. Colonoscopy: Colonoscopy mainly includes colonoscopy, anoscopy and sigmoidoscopy, which can observe the entire colon and is currently the most effective screening method.

How is colorectal cancer staged?

Colorectal cancer is generally staged according to TNM. T refers to tumor, N refers to lymph node, and M refers to distant metastasis. According to the condition of the tumor, the condition of lymph node metastasis and the condition of distant metastasis, it is divided into one stage, two stage and three stage four. The higher the stage, the higher the tumor progression and the more difficult the treatment. It can also be divided into stage A: it has not penetrated the muscle layer and has not involved the lymph nodes. Stage B: has penetrated the muscle layer and extended to the peri-intestinal tissues, but has not yet affected the lymph nodes. Stage C: has penetrated the muscle layer and has not affected the lymph nodes. Lymphatic metastasis occurs. Stage D: There is metastasis to distant organs. Surgery can be considered when there is an opportunity for surgery in the early stage of bowel cancer. Usually, it is usually three stages in the morning, middle and late. In the early stage, there is generally no spread. The treatment will be good after the operation. Chinese medicine has spread surgery. The range is large and the effect is uncertain. The general treatment in this late stage is mainly symptomatic treatment to prolong life. It is not easy to find gastrointestinal diseases in the early stage, so many discoveries are in the middle and late stages. It is recommended to take ginsenoside Rh2 orally.

How can patients with advanced colorectal cancer improve their quality of life?

The current treatment methods for advanced rectal cancer mainly include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, as well as traditional Chinese medicine treatment. Although surgical treatment can directly remove the tumor, surgery is only a local treatment and cannot remove cancer cells in the blood or lymph of the patient. Therefore, there is often a certain chance of recurrence and metastasis after surgery. In addition, the operation itself will consume a lot of patients. The immune function of the patient's body will also be reduced after the operation, which will affect the final quality of life and survival of the patient. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are like a double-edged sword. While suppressing and killing cancer cells, it also causes damage to normal immune cells and tissues, resulting in a series of side effects. As patients with advanced rectal cancer themselves are affected by cancer, their bodies are different. The immune function is very poor. If you reluctantly undergo radiotherapy and chemotherapy, it will only cause physical and mental damage to the patient, which will not only fail to control the development of the disease, but will also affect the quality of life and the final survival of the patient. In contrast, TCM treatment is more gentle, without the initiation of surgery, without the side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and will not cause damage to the patient’s body. TCM has a more conditioning effect, which can effectively replenish the vitality of the patient and improve the patient’s body’s immunity and immunity. resistance.

What are the indications for surgical treatment of colorectal cancer?

Surgical treatment of colorectal cancer is the main method used in the treatment of colorectal cancer, and the surgical treatment methods used for different parts of the tumor are not the same.

1. Indications for right colectomy: advanced cecal cancer, ascending colon cancer, and colon hepatic curvature cancer.

2. Indications for radical treatment of transverse colon cancer: advanced transverse colon cancer.

3. Transabdominal perineal rectal cancer resection Miles surgery indications: advanced rectal cancer or rectal anal cancer with the lower edge of the tumor within 5-6 cm from the anal edge.

4. Indications for radical resection of sigmoid colon cancer: advanced sigmoid colon cancer.

Why does colorectal cancer cause anemia?　　

1. Malnutrition: Tumor is a wasting disease, its growth consumes nutrients in the body, and long-term malnutrition can easily cause anemia in patients. According to statistics, gastrointestinal tumors account for the majority of malignant tumors discovered firstly by anemia.

2. Tumor metastasis: The metastasis of extra-medullary tumors to the bone marrow or intramedullary diseases can interfere with the hematopoietic function of the bone marrow, destroy hematopoietic cells, inhibit the growth of red blood cells and cause anemia. 　　

3. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy inhibit bone marrow function: When tumor patients undergo prolonged radiotherapy and chemotherapy, bone marrow function can often be inhibited, leading to necrosis of pluripotent stem cells and red blood cell precursor cells, and the decrease of erythropoietin level, which causes anemia. 　　

4. Tumor causes bleeding: necrosis on the surface of malignant tumors and ulcers or cauliflower-like growth often cause bleeding, which can cause hemorrhagic anemia. 　　

5. Tumors cause acute and chronic inflammation: When cancer patients develop infections, they can inhibit bone marrow hematopoietic function. For example, lung cancer and bronchial cancer can cause bronchial obstruction and secondary lung infections can aggravate anemia.

How to prevent intestinal obstruction in patients with colorectal cancer?

1. The diagnosis of Chinese medicine is intestinal tract, and it is considered that the type of lumps is qi stagnation and dampness. The prevention of rectal cancer complicated by rectal cancer complicated by intestinal obstruction disease mainly starts from the patient's diet. Patients with rectal cancer and intestinal obstruction disease need to eat more protein and various iron-rich foods, such as lean meat, fish and shrimp, animal blood, and animal liver and kidney.

2. You can properly eat some semi-liquid diet, such as: noodles, wonton and millet, red date porridge, steamed buns and bread. In addition to other things such as: soda crackers, braised tofu and steamed fish.

3. To prevent rectal cancer and intestinal obstruction disease, patients can eat foods that are easier to digest and can promote defecation in the body. For example: vegetables, kelp, pig blood, carrots and other foods.

4. Eat more fiber-rich foods, such as: various vegetables, fruits, brown rice, whole grains, and beans.

What should I do if patients with colorectal cancer have constipation?

1. You can drink some herbal tea to detoxify your intestines, such as honeysuckle, chubby sea, etc. The two herbal teas are less harmful to the patient's body, and they are also helpful for the problem of constipation. In fact, if the patient treats constipation alone, it will not help the colorectal cancer.

2. In the treatment of colorectal cancer, patients should also pay attention to their own methods. First of all, we must pay attention to severe patients. It is best to take surgery to remove bad cells in the large intestine in time, so that it will not be used during dietary conditioning. Let those viruses happen again. If the pathogens in the large intestine are not eliminated in time, the constipation cannot be resolved in time.

Which colorectal cancer patients need chemotherapy?

1. Stage I is the early stage, these patients do not need chemotherapy after surgery, and regular review is enough.

2. For most patients of stage II, the prognosis is good, surgery alone is sufficient, and chemotherapy is not required after surgery. However, some of the patients with high risk factors for recurrence require chemotherapy after surgery to further improve the curative effect.

3. Patients with regional lymph node metastasis in stage III. Although the overall therapeutic effect of surgery for patients with bowel cancer is already very good, for stage III patients, if their physical condition and medical conditions permit, it is recommended to receive adjuvant chemotherapy for 6 months, which can improve the 5-year survival rate10 %-15%, significantly improve the prognosis and reduce the risk of recurrence and metastasis.

4. Patients with distant metastasis in stage IV, at this time the tumor cells have gone to organs outside the intestine. In this case, systemic chemotherapy is the main method of treatment, which can effectively control the progression of the disease and reduce the symptoms of patients.

What are the harms of chemotherapy to the human body?

1. Immediate reaction, such as: anaphylactic shock, arrhythmia, pain at the injection site.

2. Early reactions, such as: nausea, vomiting, fever, loss of appetite, abdominal pain and other allergic reactions, flu-like syndrome and cystitis.

3. Mid-term reactions, such as bone marrow suppression, usually appear within 1-3 weeks, and drugs can be postponed to 4-6 weeks, stomatitis, diarrhea, rash, alopecia, peripheral neuritis, loss of nerve reflexes, paralytic intestinal obstruction, and Kidney toxicity.

4 Delayed reactions, often appearing within a few months, such as skin pigmentation, damage to vital organs or systems of the human body, such as doxorubicin causing myocardial damage, pingyangmycin causes pulmonary fibrosis, endocrine changes, such as male feminization, female Masculinization, as well as reproductive dysfunction and carcinogenic effects, teratogenic effects.

What are the chemotherapy drugs for patients with colorectal cancer?

1. Fluorouracil, usage: intravenous bolus or continuous intravenous drip.　

2. Capecitabine, capecitabine is a derivative of fluorouracil with a wide range of clinical applications. Usage: Orally, twice a day, swallow with water half an hour after meals. Use for 14 consecutive days, rest for 7 days, and the dose of repeated medication every 21 days is calculated and determined by the doctor according to the patient's body shape and weight.

3. Oxaliplatin, oxaliplatin is a new generation of platinum anti-tumor drugs, also known as oxaliplatin. The combination of oxaliplatin and fluorouracil has the effect of mutually enhancing the curative effect, and the inhibition of blood is relatively light, so it is often used with fluorouracil. Combined application of drugs.

Usage: intravenous drip, diluted with water for injection or glucose solution.

4. Irinotecan, which is another type of chemotherapy drugs commonly used in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Usage: intravenous drip, can be used alone, or combined with fluorouracil drugs.

How to give psychological counseling to patients with colorectal cancer?

1. Create a good recuperation environment.

2. Distinguish different situations and keep the patient's condition appropriately confidential. The true condition of the patient should be kept appropriately confidential, especially for the elderly and those who lack medical knowledge, so as not to be too nervous and afraid of the patient, which affects the patient's recovery.

3. Empathy to meet the psychological needs of patients. For patients with suspicion, we satisfy their wishes for various examinations, and explain the situation to the patients patiently and meticulously.

4. Comfort the patient and give spiritual encouragement. For the negatively desperate patients, analyze the reasons according to different situations and give them mental comfort.

5. Take care of critically ill patients.

6. Pay attention to postoperative emotional maintenance.

7. Correct attitude and respect the patient.

8. Do a good job in the ideological work of the patient's family members and work together to promote the patient's recovery. The mood of the family members can directly affect the mood of the patient. It is inseparable from the psychological care of the patient and the cooperation of the family members. The patient often vents his irritability to his family members due to the pain of the illness. The hardships and grievances of the family members cannot be recognized by the patient, and they are prone to psychological imbalance and lose patience with the patient.

What kind of rehabilitation training can patients with colorectal cancer undergo after surgery?

1. Bend the legs, the patient takes a supine position, and both legs are bent and raised at the same time, so that the thighs are close to the abdomen, and then restored. Repeat this action about 10 times.

2. Raise the legs. For patients with small bowel cancer, take the supine position, raise both legs up at the same time, pay attention to keeping the knee joint straight, and then put it down. Repeat the same 10 times.

3. Treadmill exercise, the patient lies on the supine position, flexion and extension of the legs in turn, like riding a bicycle, exercise should be flexible, the range of flexion and extension should be as large as possible, and it can be stopped for 20 to 30 seconds.

4. Sit-ups, the patient first takes the supine position, then sits up with abdomen flexion and extension, and tries to touch the toes with both hands, 7 times each time. Some patients give up exercise after a little exercise and feel abdominal pain. They cannot tolerate the pain and fear that it will affect the healing of the wound. In fact, pain is normal. As the body moves slowly, the patient's attention will be distracted and the pain will gradually decrease.

5. Anal functional exercises.